Okay....without going into much history, here is the quick lowdown. (note, these are all the english / american definitions of these terms). An official Prelude PSA :)
Cafe au lait - Coffee and milk
Espresso - (not EXspresso) finely ground strong coffee
(Cafe) Latte - Espresso with steamed milk
Cappuccino - Espresso with steamed milk topped with foam
(Cafe) Mocha - A Latte with chocolate
Americano - Espresso with water added